Endometriosis is characterized by which of the following symptoms?

Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus, called endometrium, begins to grow outside the uterus. One of the hallmark symptoms of this condition is painful periods, also known as dysmenorrhea. This pain can be debilitating and can extend beyond menstrual bleeding, resulting in pain during ovulation or even chronic pelvic pain.

Infertility is another significant issue associated with endometriosis. Many individuals with this condition experience difficulty conceiving, as endometriosis can affect the reproductive organs and create hormonal imbalances or structural abnormalities. Therefore, both painful periods and infertility are closely linked to the complications arising from endometriosis.

The other options presented relate to different medical conditions. Urgent urination and dribbling point to urinary tract problems, while chronic cough and wheezing are representative of respiratory issues. Heavy bleeding from the bladder could suggest a condition like bladder cancer or infection, rather than endometriosis. Thus, the symptoms of painful periods and infertility are directly associated with endometriosis, making them the correct choice for this question.