In which developmental phase do children learn to do things and gain satisfaction according to Erikson?

In Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the preschool phase, which encompasses the ages of 3 to 5 years, is characterized by the stage known as "Initiative vs. Guilt." During this stage, children begin to assert control over their environment by initiating activities and exploring new possibilities. They learn to do things on their own and take on new tasks, which fosters a sense of initiative.

When children successfully navigate this phase, they gain satisfaction from their accomplishments and develop a sense of purpose. They experiment with various activities such as playing, role-playing, and engaging in creative play, which helps them to assert their independence. This is a crucial period where they learn about their abilities and the consequences of their actions, contributing to their self-esteem and confidence.

Children who struggle during this stage may experience feelings of guilt over their efforts to be independent, which can affect their future development. The sense of initiative nurtures not only personal growth but also social skills as they interact with peers while exploring these newfound competencies. This contributes significantly to their overall development and prepares them for the subsequent stage of development, which is focused on developing competence and greater independence in school-age children.