What condition is treated by the cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil?

Donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor primarily used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This medication works by increasing the levels of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in memory and learning, which tend to be lower in patients with Alzheimer's. By inhibiting the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine, donepezil improves symptoms related to cognitive function, thereby helping manage both memory loss and overall mental function in individuals diagnosed with this condition.

Other conditions listed are not treated with donepezil. Anxiety disorders are managed with different classes of medications, such as antidepressants or anxiolytics. Chronic pain typically involves analgesics or anti-inflammatory medications, while hypertension is often treated with antihypertensive drugs. Thus, the specific action of donepezil aligns with its use in Alzheimer's disease, making it the correct answer.