What effect does nitroglycerin have on blood vessels?

Nitroglycerin primarily acts as a vasodilator, which means it relaxes and widens the blood vessels. This dilation of blood vessels leads to an increase in blood flow, making it particularly effective for conditions like angina pectoris, where improving blood supply to the heart muscle is crucial. By reducing the resistance in the blood vessels, nitroglycerin decreases the workload of the heart and helps alleviate chest pain associated with insufficient blood flow.

The action of nitroglycerin on the vascular system is not about constriction and regulation of blood pressure but rather about enhancing perfusion and oxygen delivery to tissues, particularly in the heart. It does not have a significant effect on blood viscosity; rather, it optimizes the flow by decreasing vascular resistance. Understanding the vasodilatory effect of nitroglycerin is essential for managing cardiovascular conditions where enhanced blood flow is desired.