What is a key diagnostic criterion for major depressive disorder (MDD)?

A key diagnostic criterion for major depressive disorder (MDD) involves the presence of a specific number of symptoms along with the duration of those symptoms. The correct answer, which indicates the necessity of experiencing at least five of the specified symptoms over a period of at least two weeks, aligns with the diagnostic guidelines provided in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition).

MDD is characterized by a combination of emotional and physical symptoms that significantly interfere with daily functioning. The requirement of experiencing at least five of the defined symptoms underscores the severity and impact of the disorder. These symptoms may include persistent sadness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, changes in appetite or sleep patterns, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, and difficulties in concentration, among others.

The other options do not align with the established diagnostic criteria for MDD. Specifying a shorter duration, like just one week or fewer symptoms, does not adequately capture the necessary severity or persistence required to diagnose major depressive disorder according to clinical standards.