What post-operative complication may be caused by anesthesia?

Paralytic ileus is a common post-operative complication associated with the effects of anesthesia. Anesthesia can temporarily inhibit the normal movement of the intestines, which is necessary for digestion and the passage of stool. This decrease in motility can lead to a condition known as paralytic ileus, where the intestines become unable to contract effectively, causing a blockage that can result in abdominal discomfort, bloating, and delayed return of bowel function.

While other options may also be potential post-operative complications, they are not primarily caused by anesthesia. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can occur due to immobility after surgery, pulmonary embolism can result from DVT, and heart failure may arise from various underlying medical conditions but is not directly linked to anesthetic agents. In contrast, paralytic ileus is specifically associated with the physiological impact of anesthesia on the gastrointestinal tract.