Which enzyme is influenced by renin and plays a role in blood pressure regulation?

Renin is an enzyme that is produced by the kidneys in response to low blood pressure. It is crucial in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which regulates blood pressure and fluid balance in the body. When blood pressure drops or there is low sodium concentration, renin is released into the bloodstream, where it catalyzes the conversion of angiotensinogen, a protein produced by the liver, into angiotensin I. This, in turn, is converted into angiotensin II, which is a potent vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II has multiple effects, including stimulating the adrenal glands to secrete aldosterone, which promotes sodium and water retention, ultimately leading to an increase in blood volume and blood pressure.

The other enzymes listed do not have a direct role in blood pressure regulation: amylase is involved in carbohydrate digestion, lipase aids in fat digestion, and pepsin is involved in the digestion of proteins in the stomach. Therefore, renin is the only enzyme among the options given that plays a significant role in the regulation of blood pressure within the body through the comprehensive actions of the RAAS.